Colonoscopy is a medical procedure that allows doctors to examine the inside of the colon and rectum for any abnormalities, such as polyps or cancer. It is a valuable tool for preventing and detecting colorectal cancer, which is the third most common cancer in the United States. In this article, we will demystify the colonoscopy procedure and provide tips on how to prepare for it.
Understanding Colonoscopy
Colonoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that is performed under sedation. During the procedure, a thin, flexible tube called a colonoscope is inserted into the rectum and guided through the colon. The colonoscope contains a camera that allows the doctor to examine the lining of the colon for any abnormalities.
Preparing for Colonoscopy
Preparing for colonoscopy is an important part of the procedure. Proper preparation ensures that the colon is clean and free of any stool, which allows the doctor to get a clear view of the colon lining. Here are some tips for preparing for colonoscopy:
Follow the instructions provided by your doctor
Your doctor will provide you with detailed instructions on how to prepare for colonoscopy. It is important to follow these instructions carefully to ensure that the colon is properly cleaned.
Adjust your diet
In the days leading up to colonoscopy, you may need to adjust your diet. Your doctor may recommend a low-fiber diet or liquids-only diet for a day or two before the procedure. You may also need to avoid certain foods, such as nuts and seeds, which can be difficult to digest.
Take laxatives or other medications
Your doctor may prescribe laxatives or other medications to help cleanse the colon. It is important to take these medications as directed.
Plan for transportation
You will be sedated during the procedure, which means that you will not be able to drive yourself home. Plan for transportation, such as having a friend or family member drive you to and from the appointment.
What to Expect During Colonoscopy
During colonoscopy, you will be sedated, which means that you will not feel any pain or discomfort during the procedure. Here is what to expect during colonoscopy:
Preparation
Before the procedure begins, you will be asked to change into a hospital gown and lie on your side on a table. A nurse will insert an IV into your arm to administer the sedative medication.
Insertion of the Colonoscope
Once you are sedated, the doctor will insert the colonoscope into your rectum and guide it through your colon. You may feel some pressure or discomfort during this part of the procedure, but it should not be painful.
Examination of the Colon
As the colonoscope is guided through your colon, the doctor will examine the lining of your colon for any abnormalities, such as polyps or cancer. If any abnormalities are found, the doctor may take a biopsy, or tissue sample, for further examination.
Removal of Polyps
If polyps are found during the procedure, the doctor may remove them using a small tool attached to the colonoscope. This is a painless procedure.
Completion of the Procedure
Once the examination is complete, the colonoscope will be removed and you will be taken to a recovery area. You may feel groggy or sleepy for a short period of time after the procedure.
After Colonoscopy
After colonoscopy, you will need to rest for a short period of time before you can go home. Here are some tips for after the procedure:
Have someone drive you home
As mentioned earlier, you will be sedated during the procedure and will not be able to drive yourself home. Have someone drive you home and stay with you for a few hours after the procedure.
Rest
You may feel groggy or sleepy for a short period of time after the procedure. Rest for a few hours before resuming normal activities.
Resume a normal diet
After the procedure, you can resume a normal diet. However, you may want to start with light foods and gradually work your way up to heavier foods.
Follow-up with your doctor
Your doctor will provide you with instructions on when to follow up after the procedure. It is important to follow these instructions to ensure that any abnormalities are properly monitored or treated.
Conclusion
Colonoscopy is an important tool for preventing and detecting colorectal cancer. By understanding the procedure and properly preparing for it, you can help ensure that the colon is properly cleaned and that the doctor can get a clear view of the colon lining. If you are due for a colonoscopy or have any concerns about colorectal cancer, talk to your doctor about whether colonoscopy may be appropriate for you.